Mumbai is a bustling city located on the west coast of India, in the state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India and the fourth most populous city in the world. Mumbai was originally a group of seven islands that were merged into one landmass through reclamation projects in the 18th and 19th centuries.
Mumbai is known as the financial capital of India, with a thriving economy that includes a variety of industries such as finance, entertainment, and technology. The city is also famous for its Bollywood film industry, which produces the most movies in the world.
Mumbai is home to a diverse population and a vibrant culture, with people from all over India and the world living and working in the city. The city is known for its street food, historic landmarks, and vibrant nightlife. The Gateway of India, Marine Drive, and the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) are some of the most popular tourist attractions in Mumbai.
History of Mumbai
The history of Mumbai dates back to the 2nd century BCE, when the islands of Mumbai were part of the Mauryan Empire. Over the centuries, the islands were ruled by various dynasties, including the Satavahanas, the Chalukyas, and the Rashtrakutas. In the 13th century, the islands came under the control of the Sultanate of Gujarat.
In the 16th century, the Portuguese arrived in Mumbai and established a trading center. They called the city “Bom Bahia,” which means “good bay.” The British East India Company took control of Mumbai in 1661 as part of the dowry of Catherine of Braganza when she married Charles II of England.
Under British rule, Mumbai grew into a major trading and industrial center. The city became the capital of the Bombay Presidency in 1858, and the Bombay Stock Exchange was established in 1875. In 1911, King George V and Queen Mary visited Mumbai, which led to the construction of the iconic Gateway of India.
After India gained independence from British rule in 1947, Mumbai became part of the newly formed state of Bombay. In 1960, the state was divided into Maharashtra and Gujarat, and Mumbai became the capital of Maharashtra.
Today, Mumbai is a vibrant and dynamic city with a rich history and diverse population. It is known as the financial capital of India and has a thriving economy that includes a variety of industries such as finance, entertainment, and technology.
Architecture of Mumbai
The architecture of Mumbai reflects the city’s rich history and diverse cultural influences. The city has a mix of colonial-era buildings, modern skyscrapers, and traditional Indian architecture. Here are some of the most prominent architectural styles you can find in Mumbai:
- Colonial architecture: Mumbai has several buildings that showcase the city’s colonial past. The Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, formerly known as Victoria Terminus, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and an excellent example of Victorian Gothic architecture. The Gateway of India, another iconic landmark, is a blend of Hindu and Islamic architectural styles and was built to commemorate the visit of King George V and Queen Mary in 1911.
- Art Deco architecture: Mumbai has the world’s second-largest collection of Art Deco buildings after Miami. Many of these buildings were built in the 1930s and 1940s and feature geometric shapes, sleek lines, and intricate designs. Some of the most famous examples of Art Deco architecture in Mumbai include Eros Cinema, Regal Cinema, and the buildings along Marine Drive.
- Contemporary architecture: In recent years, Mumbai has seen a surge in contemporary architecture, with many new buildings designed by renowned architects. The Bandra-Worli Sea Link, a cable-stayed bridge that connects the suburbs of Bandra and Worli, is a modern engineering marvel. The Imperial Towers, the tallest residential buildings in India, are another example of modern architecture in Mumbai.
- Traditional Indian architecture: Mumbai has several buildings that showcase traditional Indian architectural styles. The Mahalaxmi Temple, the Haji Ali Dargah, and the ISKCON Temple are some of the most famous examples of traditional Indian architecture in Mumbai.
Overall, the architecture of Mumbai is a mix of different styles and eras, reflecting the city’s rich history and diverse cultural influences.
List of 100 places to visit in mumbai:
- Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (Victoria Terminus)
- Gateway of India
- Elephanta Caves
- Marine Drive
- Juhu Beach
- Bandra Bandstand
- Mount Mary Church
- Siddhivinayak Temple
- Haji Ali Dargah
- Worli Sea Face
- Sanjay Gandhi National Park
- Nehru Planetarium
- Mahalaxmi Racecourse
- Prince of Wales Museum
- Crawford Market
- Chor Bazaar
- Mani Bhavan Gandhi Museum
- Taraporewala Aquarium
- Flora Fountain
- High Court of Bombay
- Asiatic Society Library
- St. Thomas Cathedral
- Jehangir Art Gallery
- Haji Ali Juice Center
- Leopold Cafe
- Gajalee Seafood Restaurant
- Cafe Mondegar
- Bademiya
- Kala Ghoda Art Precinct
- Mahim Dargah
- Versova Beach
- Aksa Beach
- Madh Island
- Film City
- Sanjay Gandhi National Park
- Bombay High Court
- Global Vipassana Pagoda
- Dr. Bhau Daji Lad Museum
- Shree Swaminarayan Temple
- Mahim Nature Park
- Red Carpet Wax Museum
- Snow World Mumbai
- Water Kingdom
- EsselWorld
- Kanheri Caves
- Chinchoti Waterfall
- Karjat
- Vasai Fort
- Mumba Devi Temple
- Jama Masjid
- St. Michael’s Church
- Shri Swaminarayan Mandir
- Rajabai Clock Tower
- Knesset Eliyahoo Synagogue
- Hanging Gardens
- Kamala Nehru Park
- Banganga Tank
- ISKCON Temple
- Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya
- R City Mall
- Phoenix Market City
- Oberoi Mall
- Inorbit Mall
- Infiniti Mall
- Colaba Causeway
- Linking Road
- Hill Road
- Fashion Street
- Phoenix Market City
- Jio Garden
- Horniman Circle
- Carter Road
- Sion Fort
- Mahalaxmi Dhobi Ghat
- Rajabai Clock Tower
- Gilbert Hill
- Marine Drive Chowpatty Beach
- The Royal Opera House
- Global Pagoda
- Navi Mumbai
- KidZania Mumbai
- Manori Beach
- Matheran
- Adlabs Imagica
- Elephanta Festival
- Versova Festival
- Kala Ghoda Arts Festival
- Mumbai International Film Festival
- Mumbai Marathon
- Chembur Festival
- Durga Puja Festival
- Diwali Festival
- Holi Festival
- Ganesh Chaturthi Festival
- Kite Festival
- Mumbai Pride Parade
- Kala Ghoda Art Festival
- Sula Fest
- Mumbai Wine Fest
- Bandra Fair
This list includes a variety of attractions and activities, from cultural landmarks to natural wonders, shopping destinations to festivals and events.
Climate and Best time to visit Mumbai
Mumbai has a tropical wet and dry climate, with relatively moderate temperatures throughout the year. The city experiences three seasons: summer, monsoon, and winter.
The summer season in Mumbai starts from March and lasts until May, with an average temperature ranging from 30 to 35 degrees Celsius (86 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit). The humidity during this time can be high, making it feel hotter than the actual temperature.
The monsoon season in Mumbai starts from June and lasts until September, with an average annual rainfall of around 2,200 millimeters. The city experiences heavy rainfall and strong winds during this time, which can cause flooding and traffic disruptions. However, the monsoon season also brings a lush, green landscape to the city, making it an ideal time to visit for nature lovers.
The winter season in Mumbai starts from November and lasts until February, with an average temperature ranging from 20 to 30 degrees Celsius (68 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit). The city experiences cool, dry weather during this time, making it an ideal time to visit.
The best time to visit Mumbai is from November to February when the weather is pleasant and comfortable for sightseeing and outdoor activities. However, visitors who enjoy the monsoon season can visit from June to September to experience the city’s lush greenery and rainy weather. It’s important to note that the monsoon season can cause travel disruptions, so visitors should plan accordingly.
What you Must Know Before You Visit to Mumbai?
Here are some things you should know before visiting Mumbai:
- Language: The official language of Mumbai is Marathi, but English and Hindi are also widely spoken.
- Currency: The currency used in Mumbai is the Indian rupee (INR).
- Transportation: Mumbai has a well-connected public transportation system, including local trains, buses, taxis, and auto-rickshaws. It’s best to plan your route in advance to avoid rush hour traffic and crowded trains.
- Food: Mumbai is famous for its street food, which includes Vada Pav, Pav Bhaji, and Chaat. Make sure to try these local delicacies, but be cautious about food hygiene and cleanliness.
- Safety: Like any major city, Mumbai has its share of safety concerns. It’s important to be cautious when traveling alone or at night and to avoid unfamiliar or isolated areas. It’s also a good idea to keep your valuables safe and secure.
- Dress Code: Mumbai is a cosmopolitan city, and while there is no specific dress code, it’s important to dress modestly and respectfully, especially when visiting religious places.
- Weather: Mumbai has a tropical climate, so be prepared for hot and humid weather, especially during the summer months. It’s a good idea to carry sunscreen, a hat, and an umbrella or raincoat during the monsoon season.
By keeping these things in mind, you can have a safe and enjoyable visit to Mumbai.
How To Reach Mumbai
Mumbai is one of the largest cities in India and is well-connected to major cities around the world. Here are some ways to reach Mumbai:
- By Air: Mumbai has a major international airport, the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport, which is located in the western suburbs of the city. It has direct flights from major cities around the world.
- By Train: Mumbai is connected to all major cities in India by train. The city has several railway stations, including the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST), Dadar, and Mumbai Central.
- By Road: Mumbai is well-connected to major cities in Maharashtra and other neighboring states by bus. Several private and state-run bus services operate in Mumbai.
- By Sea: Mumbai is also connected by sea to other cities in India. There are regular ferry services to nearby locations like Alibaug and Mandwa.
Once you reach Mumbai, there are several transportation options available, including local trains, buses, taxis, and auto-rickshaws, to help you get around the city.
Accommodation options in Mumbai
Mumbai is a popular tourist destination with a range of accommodation options to suit all budgets and preferences. Here are some popular accommodation options in Mumbai:
- Luxury hotels: Mumbai has several luxury hotels, including the Taj Mahal Palace, The Oberoi Mumbai, and the St. Regis Mumbai. These hotels offer world-class amenities and services, including spa facilities, fine dining, and swimming pools.
- Mid-range hotels: There are several mid-range hotels in Mumbai that offer comfortable rooms and basic amenities at an affordable price. Some popular mid-range hotels include The Ambassador, The Shalimar Hotel, and The Regenza by Tunga.
- Budget hotels: Mumbai also has several budget hotels that offer basic amenities at an affordable price. Some popular budget hotels include Hotel Ripon Palace, Hotel New Bengal, and Hotel City Palace.
- Guesthouses and homestays: If you’re looking for a more authentic experience, there are several guesthouses and homestays in Mumbai that offer a more personalized experience. Some popular guesthouses and homestays include Abode Bombay, The Bombay Home Company, and The Bohemian House.
- Service apartments: Service apartments are a good option if you’re staying in Mumbai for an extended period of time. These apartments offer more space and privacy and are equipped with kitchenettes and other amenities. Some popular service apartments include Lalco Residency, Lakeside Chalet, and Golden Tulipz.
It’s recommended to book your accommodation in advance, especially during the peak tourist season, to avoid any last-minute hassles.
Tips To Visit Mumbai
Here are some tips to make your visit to Mumbai a more enjoyable and comfortable experience:
- Plan your itinerary in advance: Mumbai is a large city with many attractions and activities to explore. It’s a good idea to plan your itinerary in advance to make the most of your time in the city.
- Stay safe: Mumbai is generally a safe city, but it’s always a good idea to take precautions when you’re traveling. Avoid carrying large sums of cash or expensive valuables, and be aware of your surroundings, especially when traveling alone or at night.
- Dress appropriately: Mumbai is a conservative city, and it’s important to dress modestly and respectfully, especially when visiting religious places.
- Use public transportation: Mumbai has a well-connected public transportation system, including local trains, buses, taxis, and auto-rickshaws. It’s a good idea to use public transportation to avoid traffic and save time.
- Try the street food: Mumbai is famous for its street food, which includes Vada Pav, Pav Bhaji, and Chaat. Make sure to try these local delicacies, but be cautious about food hygiene and cleanliness.
- Be prepared for the weather: Mumbai has a tropical climate, so be prepared for hot and humid weather, especially during the summer months. It’s a good idea to carry sunscreen, a hat, and an umbrella or raincoat during the monsoon season.
- Respect local customs and traditions: Mumbai is a diverse city with people from different cultures and religions. It’s important to respect local customs and traditions, especially when visiting religious places.
By keeping these tips in mind, you can have a memorable and enjoyable visit to Mumbai.
Best Places for Shopping in Mumbai
Mumbai is a shopper’s paradise, with a wide range of markets, malls, and boutiques to choose from. Here are some of the best places for shopping in Mumbai:
- Colaba Causeway: Colaba Causeway is a popular shopping destination in South Mumbai, known for its street markets, boutiques, and souvenir shops. You can find a variety of items here, from clothing and accessories to handicrafts and souvenirs.
- Crawford Market: Crawford Market is a wholesale market in South Mumbai that sells a variety of items, including spices, dry fruits, and handicrafts. It’s a great place to shop for souvenirs and gifts.
- Chor Bazaar: Chor Bazaar, also known as the “Thieves Market,” is a famous flea market in South Mumbai that sells antiques, vintage items, and second-hand goods. It’s a great place to shop for unique and quirky items.
- High Street Phoenix: High Street Phoenix is a popular shopping mall in Lower Parel, Mumbai, that features a range of international and Indian brands, as well as restaurants and cafes.
- Linking Road: Linking Road is a popular shopping destination in Bandra, Mumbai, that features a range of street markets and boutiques. You can find a variety of items here, from clothing and accessories to home decor and furnishings.
- Fashion Street: Fashion Street is a popular shopping destination in South Mumbai that features a range of street markets and stalls selling clothing, accessories, and footwear.
- R City Mall: R City Mall is a popular shopping mall in Ghatkopar, Mumbai, that features a range of international and Indian brands, as well as restaurants and entertainment options.
These are just a few of the many shopping destinations in Mumbai. Whether you’re looking for high-end brands or budget-friendly bargains, Mumbai has something to offer for every kind of shopper.
Handicrafts of Mumbai
Mumbai is a city that is rich in culture and history, and as a result, there are many local handicrafts and traditional arts that you can find in the city. Here are some of the popular handicrafts of Mumbai:
- Warli Art: Warli art is a tribal art form that originated in the Thane district of Maharashtra. The art form features simple, geometric patterns and figures that are created using white pigment on a red or brown background. You can find Warli art on various items such as textiles, pottery, and wall hangings.
- Bamboo and Cane Crafts: Mumbai has a vibrant bamboo and cane craft industry, with many artisans creating intricate baskets, mats, and other home decor items from these materials. These crafts are often eco-friendly and sustainable.
- Pottery: Pottery is a traditional craft that is found in many parts of Mumbai, including Dharavi, which is one of the largest slums in Asia. Local potters create a range of items, from utilitarian vessels to decorative pieces.
- Leather Goods: Mumbai is home to a thriving leather goods industry, with local artisans creating everything from bags and shoes to belts and wallets. The leather used in these goods is often sourced from local tanneries.
- Kalamkari: Kalamkari is a type of hand-painted or block-printed cotton textile that is traditionally produced in Andhra Pradesh, but it is also found in Mumbai. The textiles feature intricate designs and motifs that are often inspired by nature.
- Paper Mache: Mumbai has a growing paper mache industry, with local artisans creating a range of decorative items, including masks, figurines, and vases. The craft involves molding and shaping paper into various shapes and then painting them.
These are just a few examples of the many handicrafts of Mumbai. If you’re interested in traditional arts and crafts, there are many places in Mumbai where you can find these unique items, including markets, boutiques, and exhibitions.
FAQ about Mumbai
Here are some frequently asked questions (FAQ) about Mumbai:
What is Mumbai famous for?
- Mumbai is famous for its vibrant nightlife, street food, Bollywood, historical landmarks, and diverse culture.
What is the best time to visit Mumbai?
- The best time to visit Mumbai is from November to February, when the weather is pleasant and dry.
What is the currency used in Mumbai?
- The currency used in Mumbai is the Indian rupee (INR).
What is the official language of Mumbai?
- The official language of Mumbai is Marathi, but Hindi and English are also widely spoken.
What are the best places to visit in Mumbai?
- Some of the best places to visit in Mumbai are the Gateway of India, Marine Drive, Elephanta Caves, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, and the Siddhivinayak Temple.
What is the transportation system like in Mumbai?
- Mumbai has a well-developed transportation system that includes local trains, buses, taxis, and auto-rickshaws.
Is Mumbai safe for tourists?
- Mumbai is generally a safe city for tourists, but like any big city, it’s important to take precautions and be aware of your surroundings.
What are the best shopping destinations in Mumbai?
- Some of the best shopping destinations in Mumbai are Colaba Causeway, Crawford Market, Chor Bazaar, High Street Phoenix, Linking Road, and Fashion Street.
What is the nightlife like in Mumbai?
- Mumbai has a vibrant nightlife with many bars, clubs, and restaurants open late into the night.
What are the popular festivals in Mumbai?
- Some of the popular festivals in Mumbai are Ganesh Chaturthi, Diwali, Holi, Durga Puja, and Eid.